In Saskatchewan, official community plans and zoning bylaws are important tools to control development in flood prone areas. The Planning and Development Act, 2007 and The Statements of Provincial Interest Regulations (SPI) requires new official community plans and zoning bylaws to contain policies to address the management of lands subject to natural hazards, including flooding, slumping and slope instability. This includes the requirement that these planning bylaws prohibit development of new buildings and additions to buildings in the floodway of the 1:500 year flood elevation of any watercourse or water body. They also require that new development in the flood fringe of a 1:500 year flood be flood proofed to an elevation 0.5 metres above the 1:500 year flood elevation.
Zoning bylaws allow municipalities to limit development on potential hazard lands to minimize risks from flood damage and protect the environmental integrity of the flood plain. A municipality without planning bylaws may consider adopting an interim development control bylaw to manage development in flood plain areas until an official community plan and zoning bylaw can be adopted.
All planning and land use decisions must be consistent with the SPI. As a result, municipalities cannot issue development permits on land located in a floodway. Municipalities should avoid issuing development permits on land that is flood prone. In flood fringe areas, flood proofing, which may limit or prevent damage to life and property, may be permitted. The Saskatchewan Water Security Agency (SWA) can provide municipalities and landowners with flood protection information and guidance on historical flood data as it relates to land development. More information on the SWA and its mandate is available on their website.
Municipalities or landowners may also contract an engineering consultant to determine safe building elevations and building sites. Engineers can estimate the likelihood and severity of flooding considering factors such as topography, surrounding land use, elevation, and soil type including bedrock and the ground absorption rates and average normal water levels. This information allows them to map out areas that may be susceptible to flooding. This information may be required during the subdivision review or development permit process by the subdivision approving authority or the municipality.