Shearing Timing

By Adriane Good, MSc, PAg, Livestock and Feed Extension Specialist

October 2024

Shearing is an important part of sheep production, contributing to the overall health of a flock. However, opinions vary on the ideal time for shearing. As with many production recommendations, the answer to “when should I shear?” is “it depends.”

The most common shearing times are pre-lambing in the winter or the spring, each having their own advantages.

Shearing before lambing should be done six to 10 weeks prior to lambing to minimize stress on the ewes, lambs and shearer. Shearing can be done closer to lambing, but never closer than two weeks before as later shearing can increase stress-related risks, such as pregnancy toxemia. One of the biggest benefits of pre-lambing shearing is the positive affect on lamb birth weight, which is critical for lamb survival. Lambs can be born with a 15 to 25 per cent higher birth weight, improving their chances of survival.

In addition to larger birth weights, lambs born to shorn ewes also have easier access to udders, helping them nurse faster and boosting early health. Additionally, shorn ewes contribute to a cleaner, drier environment in barns. Wool can hold moisture, mud and manure, all of which promote bacterial growth and increase disease risk. By reducing the bulk of the wool, shorn ewes require less barn and feed bunk space, improving feed access for the entire flock. Additionally, a more densely stocked barn with shorn ewes can maintain warmth more effectively.

While winter shearing has several benefits, it does have a negative outcome of increasing the ewe’s energy needs. During cold weather, an animal’s feed requirements increase to help them keep warm. Shorn ewes will need a more energy-dense diet compared to full fleece ewes.

Shearing after lambing, usually later in the spring, also has benefits. It reduces the ewe’s feed requirements during winter and lowers the risk of heat stress with shorter fleece in summer. However, as mentioned, leaving ewes full fleece during lambing can increase risks related to lamb size, barn humidity and temperature and bacterial growth. You may need to crutch the ewes (clean the wool around the udder and rear end) to help the lambs nurse and keep the ewes cleaner during lambing.

Ultimately, the best shearing strategy is the one that works best for your farm’s needs. If you rely on an external shearer, you may need to schedule around their availability. Additionally, if you don’t have a way to keep your sheep dry prior to shearing in winter, it may be best to wait for drier conditions before shearing.

For more information or to discuss the best shearing strategy for your operation, contact your local livestock and feed extension specialist at 1-866-457-2377.